Sensory processing is the neurological capacity that allows us to register, organize and give meaning to information received by our brains through the sensory systems (vision, hearing, taste, smell, tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular).
To date, available evidence on the prevalence of sensory processing challenges in the general child population is limited. Given the relevance of the possible consequences of these problems for child health, the InTeO research group has proposed carrying out the InProS (Childhood and Sensory Processing) Project.

Sensory Systems
Project OBJECTIVES
Prevalence
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Estimate the prevalence of Sensory Reactivity (SR).
Associated factors
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Explore the sociodemographic factors and lifestyles of children and their parents in the RS.
Health outcomes
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Explore the association of RS with parental stress and feeding problems in children.
InProS – Proyect
The InProS Project is a Population-based cross-sectional study from 2016 that aims to describe the prevalence and associated factors of sensory processing difficulties in children ages three to seven in the province of Alicante, Spain.
21 schools
Recruitment of participants was carried out in 21 schools that were randomly selected based on a list of educational institutions registered with the Council of Education, Culture and Sport of the Valencian government.
An invitation was sent to the directors of the different selected schools, and those schools that declined to participate were substituted by others. After obtaining permission from the director to begin recruitment, an informational meeting was held with teachers involved in the project. Teachers were those in charge of providing written information about the study to the primary caregivers as well as informed consent to participate and the questionnaires to complete.
Stake
Out of 1,700 possible participants, 620 returned the completed information (response rate of 37 percent).
Potential participants
Participating families
%
Response rate
Questionnaire notebooks
The group of questionnaires included the Short Sensory Profile (SSP) test, an instrument designed to collect information about sensory processing and that allows for classifying children into different categories based on their sensory profile (typical development, with probable differences and with definitive differences). Other included questionnaires collected sociodemographic and lifestyle data about the children and their parents and the reproductive history of the mother.
Study protocol
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You can read it by clicking here.
Complete questionnaire
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Download here.
Project Video
Learn more about this project by watching the following video.
Press Releases
Press releases from the InProS project.
ARTICLES PUBLISHED about the Project
- Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Fernández-Pires P, Navarro-Amat S, Hurtado-Pomares M, Peral-Gómez P, Juárez-Leal I, Espinosa-Sempere C, Sánchez-Pérez A, Valera-Gran D. Association between Adherence to the Antioxidant-Rich Mediterranean Diet and Sensory Processing Profile in School-Aged Children: The Spanish Cross-Sectional InProS Project. Nutrients. 2019;11(5), 1007
- Fernández-Pires P, Valera-Gran D, Sánchez-Pérez A, Hurtado-Pomares M, Peral-Gómez P, Espinosa-Sempere C, Juárez-Leal I, Navarrete-Muñoz EM. The Infancia Y Procesamiento Sensorial (InProS-Childhood and Sensory Processing) Project: Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Analysis of Parental and Children’s Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Features and Children’s Sensory Processing. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 24;17(4):1447.
- Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Fernández-Pires P; Mubarak-Garcia C; Espinosa-Sempere C; Peral-Gómez P; Juárez-Leal I; Sánchez-Pérez A; Pérez-Vazquez MT; Hurtado-Pomares M; Valera-Gran D. Association between Body Mass Index and Sensory Processing in Childhood: InProS Study. Nutrients 2020, 12(12), 3684
- Fernández-Pires P, Valera-Gran D, Hurtado-Pomares M, Espinosa-Sempere C, Sánchez-Pérez A, Juárez-Leal I, Ruiz-Carbonell MP, Peral-Gómez P, Campos-Sánchez I, Pérez-Vázquez MT, Navarrete-Muñoz EM. Sleep Duration and Quality and Sensory Reactivity in School-Aged Children: The Spanish Cross-Sectional InProS Study. Front Pediatr. 2021 Jul 5;9:646011. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.646011. eCollection 2021.
- Irene Campos-Sánchez, Rocío Muñoz-Sánchez, Eva-María Navarrete-Muñoz, María Sofía Molina-Iñigo, Miriam Hurtado-Pomares, Paula Fernández-Pires, Alicia Sánchez-Pérez, Daniel Prieto-Botella, Iris Juárez-Leal, Paula Peral-Gómez, Cristina Espinosa-Sempere, Desirée Valera-Gran. Association between sensory reactivity and feeding problems in school-aged children: InProS Study. Appetite, Volume 192, 2024, 107108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.107108.
- P. Fernández-Pires, D. Valera-Gran, M. Hurtado-Pomares, C. Espinosa-Sempere, A. Sánchez-Pérez, I. Juárez-Leal, R. Muñoz Sánchez, A.S. León-García, P. Peral-Gómez, E.M. Navarrete-Muñoz. Association between television viewing and sensory reactivity in childhood: the cross-sectional InProS study. Pediatric Neurology. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.10.001
- Muñoz-Sánchez R, Hurtado-Pomares M, Juárez-Leal I, Piñero J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Valera-Gran D. Exploring the Association between Parental Employment Status, Education Level, and Sensory Reactivity in Spanish Children Aged 3-7 Years: Findings from the InProS Study. Children (Basel). 2024;11(7):855. doi: 10.3390/children11070855. PMID: 39062304; PMCID: PMC11275636.
- Muñoz-Sánchez R, Hurtado-Pomares M, Juárez-Leal I, Jorquera-Cabrera S, Piñero J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Valera-Gran D. Sensory Reactivity Among School-Age Children and Parental Stress: Findings From the Population-Based InProS Study. Am J Occup Ther. 2026;80(1):8001185050. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2025.051224.
RESEARCHERS of the Project
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OF THE PROJECT

Desirée Valera Gran

Eva María Navarrete Muñoz
PROJECT COLLABORATING RESEARCH TEAM

Iris Juárez Leal

Miriam Hurtado Pomares
FIELD WORK TEAM
Silvia Amat
Alicia López
Paula Fernández
María Dolores Diago
María Pilar Ruiz
Laura Compañ
Tayza El Toro
Macarena Pérez
Neus de la Fuente
THESIS of the Project
COMPLETED:
Estilos de vida y alteraciones en el procesamiento sensorial en niños de 3 a 7 años de edad del estudio “InProS”
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PhD candidate: Paula Fernández Pires
Thesis supervisors: Desirée Valera Gran and Eva Mª Navarrete Muñoz
Link to the thesis
Click here
IN PROGRESS:
Factores parentales y Reactividad Sensorial en niños/as de 3 a 7 años de edad: Estudio “InProS”.
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PhD candidate: Rocío Muñoz Sánchez
Thesis supervisors: Desirée Valera Gran and Miriam Hurtado Pomares
COLLABORATORS with the Project
PARTICIPATING EARLY CHILDHOOD AND PRIMARY EDUCATION CENTERS
- CEIP Ausiàs March
- CEIP Plà Barraques
- CEIP El Fabraquer
- CEIP Lo Romero
- CEIP San Fernando
- CEIP San Juan y San Pablo
- CEIP San Blas
- CEIP Teixereta
- CEIP Jesús Navarro Jover
- CEIP Jorge Juan
- CEIP Monte Benacanti
- CEIP San Nicolás de Bari
- CEIP Mora Puchol
- CEIP Trinitario Seva
- CEIP Nuestra Señora de la Paz
- CEIP Rafael Altamira
- Centro Privado San José de Carolinas
- Escuela Europa de Alicante
- CEIP Joaquín Sorolla
- CEIP Manjón – Cervantes
- CEIP Prácticas La Aneja.




